With a view to contextualize the discussion on HIV/AIDS, leadership and accountability to Africa, the African Regional Organisation of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC-Africa) and the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) organised a pre-Congress event on HIV and AIDS that aimed to discuss the role of the world of work in defining the links between tackling HIV and attaining the Millennium Development Goals. The 2nd ITUC Africa Congress, organized under the theme “Renewing the African Trade Union Movement Towards African Emancipation”, took place from 25th to 27th November 2011 in Johannesburg, South Africa.